Variants in candidate genes and their interactions with smoking on the risk of acute coronary syndrome

Liliana Franco; Natalia  Gallego; Cristian Velarde; Diana  Valencia; Juan Pablo  Pérez-Bedoya; Kelly Betancur; Kelly Marisancen; Paola Parra; Santiago Carvalho; Luisa Parra; Evert Jiménez; Carlos Martínez; Clara Saldarriaga; Juan Carlos Arango; Nathalia González-Jaramillo; Jenny García; Ana Valencia

doi:10.7705/biomedica.7379

Liliana Franco, Natalia Gallego, Cristian Velarde , Diana Valencia , Juan Pablo Pérez-Bedoya, Kelly Betancur, Kelly Marisancen, Paola Parra, Santiago Carvalho, Luisa Parra, Evert Jiménez, Carlos Martínez, Clara Saldarriaga, Juan Carlos Arango, Nathalia González-Jaramillo, Jenny García, Ana Valencia, .

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.7379

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, genetic association studies, polymorphism, genetic, gene-environment interactions, smoking, case-control studies

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Abstract

Introduction. Multiple genetic and environmental factors interact with the development of acute coronary syndrome. Smoking is one of the environmental factors that might alter the metabolic pathways shared by genes associated with this condition.
Objective. To investigate the association of acute coronary syndrome with genetic variants related to inflammation, lipid metabolism, and platelet aggregation among subjects from the northeastern region of Colombia. The effects of interactions between polymorphisms and smoking were also evaluated.
Materials and methods. We analyzed data from 330 acute coronary syndrome cases and 430 controls. Associations between 20 polymorphisms and acute coronary syndrome were evaluated using logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Gene and smoking interaction terms were calculated, and variants were analyzed separately in smokers and non-smokers for their association with acute coronary syndrome.
Results. Two variants were associated with acute coronary syndrome, rs10455872 in the LPA gene (OR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.61-4.49) and rs429358 in the APOE gene (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.30-2.87). We identified smoking interactions with the variants rs6511720 in the LDLR gene (p = 0.04) and rs2227631 in the SERPINE1 gene (p = 0.02), with significant effects in non-smokers (rs6511720: OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19-0.88; and rs2227631: OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.48-1.00), but not in smokers (rs6511720: OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 0.66-2.46; and rs2227631: OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.91-1.87).
Conclusions. Variants in the candidate genes LPA and APOE are associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome in a population from northeastern Colombia. The effects of rs6511720 in LDLR and rs2227631 in SERPINE1 differ according to smoking habits and are significant in non-smokers. These results are helpful for early risk screening of acute coronary syndrome, mainly in individuals without defined conventional risk factors.

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Liliana Franco Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9430-2808
Natalia Gallego Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8109-8473
Cristian Velarde Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-1832
Diana Valencia Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-3965
Juan Pablo Pérez-Bedoya Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2474-6603
Kelly Betancur Centro de investigaciones, Clínica Cardio VID, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-470X
Kelly Marisancen Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-8079
Paola Parra Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-619X
Santiago Carvalho Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-9527
Luisa Parra Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0345-8776
Evert Jiménez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9325-6977
Carlos Martínez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Centro de investigaciones, Clínica Cardio VID, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-2368
Clara Saldarriaga Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Centro de investigaciones, Clínica Cardio VID, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-1127
Juan Carlos Arango Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0017-402X
Nathalia González-Jaramillo Centro de investigaciones, Clínica Cardio VID, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4975-4439
Jenny García Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9998-5318
Ana Valencia Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-218X

Estudiante de Doctorado, Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Docente Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

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How to Cite

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Franco L, Gallego N, Velarde C, Valencia D, Pérez-Bedoya JP, Betancur K, et al. Variants in candidate genes and their interactions with smoking on the risk of acute coronary syndrome. Biomed. [Internet]. 2025 Mar. 28 [cited 2026 Mar. 6];45(1):107-1. Available from: https://revistabiomedicaorg.biteca.online/index.php/biomedica/article/view/7379

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Variants in candidate genes and their interactions with smoking on the risk of acute coronary syndrome

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