Evaluation of the seroconversion as a response to rabies vaccination in dogs, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009
Keywords:
vacunas antirrábicas, virus de la rabia, Lyssavirus, zoonosis, vigilancia epidemiológica, inmunidad, Colombia
Abstract
Introduction. The province of Valle del Cauca has been free of dog rabies for more than 20 years.
However, sylvatic rabies foci remain which are threats to the health of the populace and its pets. Rabies
vaccination campaigns are carried out annually in all 42 counties of the province.
Objectives. The impact of dog vaccination was evaluated on the basis of humoral immunoresponse,
population parameters and correlation with variables inherent to the vaccination process and logistics.
Materials and methods. Sera and associated data were obtained from each of the 42 counties for
a total sample of 569 rabies-vaccinated dogs. Rabies neutralizing antibodies were measured by
quantitative ELISA. The data were analyzed with the statistical programs in Epi-Info 6.0.
Results. Nearly 10% of dogs were seronegative (9.1%) and an additional 25.1% did not elicit an
adequate humoral immune response to vaccination. Concentration of rabies neutralizing antibodies
diminished gradually with the time after vaccination and was correlated with dog age and vaccine
quality. No associations were noted between dog gender or breed.
Conclusions. These data permit the following recommendations: (1) only viable, non expired rabies
vaccines must be used to immunize animals, (2) two doses of rabies vaccine must be applied during
the first six months of dog life, (3) booster immunizations must be administered every year, (4) practices and processes related to rabies vaccination in private institutions must inspected regularly by health
authorities.
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References
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Kaplan MM, Koprowski H, editors. Laboratory techniques in
rabies. Fourth edition. Geneva: World Health Organization;
1996. p. 80-7.
2. Dean DJ, Abelseth MK, Atanasiu P. The florescent
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editors. Laboratory techniques in rabies. Fourth edition.
Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996. p. 88-95.
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emphasis on children. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008;21:251-7.
6. Páez A, Saad C, Núñez C, Boshell J. Molecular
epidemiology of rabies in northern Colombia 1994-2003:
Evidence for human and fox rabies associated with dogs.
Epidemiol Infect. 2005;133:529-36.
7. Páez A, Núñez C, García C, Boshell J. Molecular
epidemiology of rabies epizootics in Colombia: Evidence for
human and dog rabies associated with bats. J Gen Virol.
2003;84:795-802.
8. Páez A, Núñez C, García C, Boshell J. Epidemiología
molecular de epizootias de rabia en Colombia 1994-2002.
Evidencia de rabia humana y canina asociada a quirópteros.
Biomédica. 2003;23:19-30.
9. Hughes GJ, Páez A, Boshell J, Rupprecht CE. A
phylogenetic reconstruction of the epidemiological history of
canine rabies virus variants in Colombia. Infect Gen Evol.
2004;4:45-51.
10. Páez A, Rey G, Agudelo C, Dulce A, Parra E, Díaz-
Granados H, et al. Brote de rabia urbana transmitida por
perros en el Distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2006-2008.
Biomédica. 2009;29:424-36.
11. Valderrama J, García I, Figueroa G, Rico E, Sanabria
J, Rocha N, et al. Brotes de rabia humana transmitida
por vampiros en los municipios de Bajo y Alto Baudó,
departamento del Chocó, Colombia 2004-2005. Biomédica.
2006;26:387-96.
12. Páez A, Polo L, Heredia D, Núñez C, Rodríguez M,
Agudelo C, et al. Brote de rabia humana transmitida por
gato en el municipio de Santander de Quilichao, Colombia,
2008. Rev Salud Pública. 2009;11:931-43.
13. Otero JA, Arango S, Restrepo MA, Alberico H, Gutiérrez
M, Márquez A, et al. Prevalencia del virus rábico en
quirópteros del área municipal de Cali, Colombia. Colombia
Médica. 1993,24:137-41.
14. Núñez CL, Aldaz JJ, Escobar H, Cuadros ME. Primer
hallazgo de virus rabia silvestre en el murciélago insectívoro
Eptesicus brasiliensis en Cali, Colombia. Revista de la
Asociación Colombiana de Ciencias Biológicas. 2001;12:57-
61.
15. Engvall E, Perlmann P. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G.
Immunochemistry. 1971;8:871-4.
16. Atanasiu P, Savy V, Gibert C. Rapid immunoenzymatic
technique for titration of rabies antibodies IgG and IgM
results. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1978;166:201-8.
17. Atanasiu P, Perrin P, Delagneau JF. Use of an enzyme
immunoassay with protein A for rabies antigen and antibody
determination. Dev Biol Stand. 1980;46:207-15.
18. Perrin P, Versmisse P, Delagneau JF, Lucas G, Rollin
PE, Sureau P. The influence of the type of immunosorbent on rabies antibody EIA: Advantages of purified glycoprotein
over whole virus. J Biol Stand. 1986;14:95-102.
19. Forsgren A, Sjoquist J. "Protein A" from S. aureus. I.
Pseudo-immune reaction with human gamma globulin. J
Immunol. 1966;97:822-7.
20. Biderfield P, Ghetie V, Sjoquist J. Demonstration and
assaying of IgG antibodies in tissues and on cells by labelled
staphylococcal protein A. J Immunol Methods. 1975;6:249-
59.
21. Feyssaguet M, Dacheux L, Audry L, Compoint A, Morize
JL, Blanchard I, et al. Multicenter comparative study of
a new ELISA, PLATELIA RABIES II, for the detection and
titration of antirabies glycoprotein antibodies and comparison
with the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) on
human samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated people.
Vaccine. 2007;25:2244-51.
22. Cliquet F, Verdier Y, Sagné L, Aubert M, Schereffer JL,
Selve M, et al. Neutralizing antibody titration in 25,000 sera
of dogs and cats vaccinated against rabies in France, in the
framework of the new regulations that offer an alternative to
quarantine. Rev Sci Tech. 2003;22:857-66.
23. Mansfield KL, Burr PD, Snodgrass DR, Sayers R, Fooks
AR. Factors affecting the serological response of dogs and
cats to rabies vaccination. Vet Rec. 2004;154:423-6.
24. Kennedy LJ, Lunt M, Barnes A, McElhinney L, Fooks
AR, Baxter DN, et al. Factors influencing the antibody
response of dogs vaccinated against rabies. Vaccine.
2007;25:8500-7.
25. Jakel V, König M, Cussler K, Hanschmann K, Thiel HJ.
Factors influencing the antibody response to vaccination
against rabies. Dev Biol (Basel). 2008;131:431-7.
26. Hampson K, Dushoff J, Cleaveland S, Haydon DT, Kaare
M, Packer C, et al. Transmission dynamics and prospects
for the elimination of canine rabies. PLoS Biol. 2009;7:e53.
Kaplan MM, Koprowski H, editors. Laboratory techniques in
rabies. Fourth edition. Geneva: World Health Organization;
1996. p. 80-7.
2. Dean DJ, Abelseth MK, Atanasiu P. The florescent
antibody test. In: Meslin FX, Kaaplan MM, Koprowski H,
editors. Laboratory techniques in rabies. Fourth edition.
Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996. p. 88-95.
3 Wunner WH, Larson JK, Dietzchold B, Smith CL.
The molecular biology of rabies virus. Rev infect Dis.
1988;10:771-84.
4. Knobel DL, Cleaveland S, Coleman PG, Fevre EM,
Meltzer MI, Miranda ME, et al. Re-evaluating the burden
of rabies in Africa and Asia. Bull World Health Organ.
2005;83:360-8.
5. Warrell MJ. Emerging aspects of rabies infection: With a special
emphasis on children. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008;21:251-7.
6. Páez A, Saad C, Núñez C, Boshell J. Molecular
epidemiology of rabies in northern Colombia 1994-2003:
Evidence for human and fox rabies associated with dogs.
Epidemiol Infect. 2005;133:529-36.
7. Páez A, Núñez C, García C, Boshell J. Molecular
epidemiology of rabies epizootics in Colombia: Evidence for
human and dog rabies associated with bats. J Gen Virol.
2003;84:795-802.
8. Páez A, Núñez C, García C, Boshell J. Epidemiología
molecular de epizootias de rabia en Colombia 1994-2002.
Evidencia de rabia humana y canina asociada a quirópteros.
Biomédica. 2003;23:19-30.
9. Hughes GJ, Páez A, Boshell J, Rupprecht CE. A
phylogenetic reconstruction of the epidemiological history of
canine rabies virus variants in Colombia. Infect Gen Evol.
2004;4:45-51.
10. Páez A, Rey G, Agudelo C, Dulce A, Parra E, Díaz-
Granados H, et al. Brote de rabia urbana transmitida por
perros en el Distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2006-2008.
Biomédica. 2009;29:424-36.
11. Valderrama J, García I, Figueroa G, Rico E, Sanabria
J, Rocha N, et al. Brotes de rabia humana transmitida
por vampiros en los municipios de Bajo y Alto Baudó,
departamento del Chocó, Colombia 2004-2005. Biomédica.
2006;26:387-96.
12. Páez A, Polo L, Heredia D, Núñez C, Rodríguez M,
Agudelo C, et al. Brote de rabia humana transmitida por
gato en el municipio de Santander de Quilichao, Colombia,
2008. Rev Salud Pública. 2009;11:931-43.
13. Otero JA, Arango S, Restrepo MA, Alberico H, Gutiérrez
M, Márquez A, et al. Prevalencia del virus rábico en
quirópteros del área municipal de Cali, Colombia. Colombia
Médica. 1993,24:137-41.
14. Núñez CL, Aldaz JJ, Escobar H, Cuadros ME. Primer
hallazgo de virus rabia silvestre en el murciélago insectívoro
Eptesicus brasiliensis en Cali, Colombia. Revista de la
Asociación Colombiana de Ciencias Biológicas. 2001;12:57-
61.
15. Engvall E, Perlmann P. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G.
Immunochemistry. 1971;8:871-4.
16. Atanasiu P, Savy V, Gibert C. Rapid immunoenzymatic
technique for titration of rabies antibodies IgG and IgM
results. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1978;166:201-8.
17. Atanasiu P, Perrin P, Delagneau JF. Use of an enzyme
immunoassay with protein A for rabies antigen and antibody
determination. Dev Biol Stand. 1980;46:207-15.
18. Perrin P, Versmisse P, Delagneau JF, Lucas G, Rollin
PE, Sureau P. The influence of the type of immunosorbent on rabies antibody EIA: Advantages of purified glycoprotein
over whole virus. J Biol Stand. 1986;14:95-102.
19. Forsgren A, Sjoquist J. "Protein A" from S. aureus. I.
Pseudo-immune reaction with human gamma globulin. J
Immunol. 1966;97:822-7.
20. Biderfield P, Ghetie V, Sjoquist J. Demonstration and
assaying of IgG antibodies in tissues and on cells by labelled
staphylococcal protein A. J Immunol Methods. 1975;6:249-
59.
21. Feyssaguet M, Dacheux L, Audry L, Compoint A, Morize
JL, Blanchard I, et al. Multicenter comparative study of
a new ELISA, PLATELIA RABIES II, for the detection and
titration of antirabies glycoprotein antibodies and comparison
with the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) on
human samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated people.
Vaccine. 2007;25:2244-51.
22. Cliquet F, Verdier Y, Sagné L, Aubert M, Schereffer JL,
Selve M, et al. Neutralizing antibody titration in 25,000 sera
of dogs and cats vaccinated against rabies in France, in the
framework of the new regulations that offer an alternative to
quarantine. Rev Sci Tech. 2003;22:857-66.
23. Mansfield KL, Burr PD, Snodgrass DR, Sayers R, Fooks
AR. Factors affecting the serological response of dogs and
cats to rabies vaccination. Vet Rec. 2004;154:423-6.
24. Kennedy LJ, Lunt M, Barnes A, McElhinney L, Fooks
AR, Baxter DN, et al. Factors influencing the antibody
response of dogs vaccinated against rabies. Vaccine.
2007;25:8500-7.
25. Jakel V, König M, Cussler K, Hanschmann K, Thiel HJ.
Factors influencing the antibody response to vaccination
against rabies. Dev Biol (Basel). 2008;131:431-7.
26. Hampson K, Dushoff J, Cleaveland S, Haydon DT, Kaare
M, Packer C, et al. Transmission dynamics and prospects
for the elimination of canine rabies. PLoS Biol. 2009;7:e53.
How to Cite
1.
Páez A, Hernández C, Escobar H, Zapata JJ, Méndez J, Rey-Benito G. Evaluation of the seroconversion as a response to rabies vaccination in dogs, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009. Biomed. [Internet]. 2011 Jun. 30 [cited 2025 Apr. 5];31(4):474-84. Available from: https://revistabiomedicaorg.biteca.online/index.php/biomedica/article/view/395
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