Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus en la ciudad de Pasto, Nariño Colombia

Abstract

A descriptive, transversal study of an adult population - men and women over 20 year of age - was carried out in the urban area of Pasto (altitude 2,650 m above sea level/ 11º C) a city located in the southwest of Colombia, having similar features regarding nutrition and cultural habits to those of the inhabitants of the Andean area. A systematic aleatory sample of 1.430 volunteers was taken from a diabetic and obese adult population determined by questionnaire which took into account such variables as height, weight, body mass index and educational level. From the results, appointments were made for carbohydrate tolerance tests; a standard of 75 g of glucose being established in 720 people. Glycemia was determined by oxidized glucose technique using a semiautomatic equipment quantified pre and post loading. This evaluation utilized WHO and National Diabetes group criteria. 6.5% of the sample were found to have diabetes mellitus (3.6% women and 2.4% men with a high proportion in their 30s and 40s). 6.8% of diabetics have an obesity problem with IMG being greater than 30. 54.6% of the diabetics had a IMG greater than 25. Carbohydrate intolerance in 5.3% of the population, when the evaluation was made, was within the worl wide accepted tolerance for glycemia of between 7.8 mmol nad 11.1 mmol in blood. 22.5% of diabetics had maternal diabetic antecedents and 9.8% paternal antecedents, making this statistically significant (p<0.05)1. 1.1% of the maternal grandfathers had diabetes mellitus. The most frequent obese family antecedent occurred in 26% of the mothers and in the maternal grandmothers; the same happened for 17% of the fathers and maternal grandfathers. 44.7% of the identified diabetics were already known to be diabetic and 31.3% were already taking medication for their metabolical problems.