Una perspectiva histórica sobre la autoinmunidad contra las citocinas: doble impacto a la enfermedad autoinmunitaria
Resumen
Las reacciones autoinmunitarias se caracterizan por el desarrollo de anticuerpos y la activación de linfocitos T contra autoantígenos. Esto desata una respuesta inmunitaria efectora contra los tejidos que expresan antígenos reconocidos por la autoinmunidad.
Los antígenos atacados por anticuerpos se denominan “autoantígenos” y son de diferentes tipos, como receptores, enzimas y proteínas de canal.
La reacción autoinmunitaria es potenciada por citocinas que median la activación de los linfocitos Th1, Th2 o Th17. Las citocinas liberadas también pueden ser reconocidas como autoantígenos y, por lo tanto, pueden ser objetivos de la reacción autoinmunitaria.
Los efectos de la autoinmunidad en las citocinas o sus receptores son diversos, razón por la cual los mecanismos de este tipo de reacción autoinmunitaria se discuten en esta revisión.
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